Words that are spelled and pronounced the same, but mean something different.
plain
A dusty desert plain.
The plain truth.
A plain white shirt.
last
How long does the film last?
I came last in the race.
account
I read the account of the robbery in the newspaper.
We have a joint account at the bank.
sum
I was left a small sum of money by my aunt.
Can we sum up the meeting before we finish.
race
It is illegal to discriminate against people on the grounds of sex, race or religion.
I had to race around all day to get the house ready for the party.
He came first so he won the race.
long
The queue was so long that I didn't bother to wait.
I long for a day off work.
sign
Sign your name here please.
What does the sign on the wall mean?
still
Keep still. Don't move.
She didn't study, but she still passed her exam.
match
He won the tennis match in the fifth set.
Do you have a match so I can light this candle.
draw
The football match ended with a draw.
Can you draw? I wish I could.
fine
The motorist was punished with a fine for speeding.
The weather was fine today.
fit
You can't fit a round peg into a square hole.
She exercised regularly, so she was very fit.
miss
Miss Jones, take a letter, please.
If you don't hurry, you will miss the train.
mind
Have you seen the film, A beautiful mind?
Do you mind if I don't go out with you tonight.
sentence
The sentence for his crime was life imprisonment.
A sentence is a group of words including a verb and a noun that have a meaning, like this.
point
A point is a geometrical construction that has no width, height or depth.
Jonny, put your finger away. It is rude to point.
The point he was trying to make wasn't clear to any one.
Words that are pronounced the same, but have different spelling
war - H.G.Wells wrote The War of the Worlds.
wore - She wore a different hat every day.
higher - The higher you go, the harder you fall
hire - You can hire a car at the airport
new - I'm buying a new car today.
knew - She knew that she had seen him before.
plain - He wore a plain white shirt.
plane - She took the plane to Madrid.
fair - It's not fair that the person who shouts loudest gets served first.
fare - The plane fare to Madrid has just been reduced.
would - Would you let me know when I can can see him?
wood - The table is made of wood.
threw and through - He threw the brick through the window.
male - The male of the species is usually the largest.
mail - The postman has just delivered the mail.
whether - Tell me whether you want to go to Paris or to Rome.
weather - The weather in Paris is cold for the time of year.
piece - Can I have a piece of chocolate, please?
peace - Everyone wants world peace.
court - The players left the court after a splendid tennis match.
caught - She caught the ball.
way - Can you tell me the way to Madrid, please?
weigh - Shoppers can now weigh their own fruit and vegetables in the supermarket.
site - This is the site of the battle of Hastings in 1066.
sight - It was a wonderful sight as the ship set sail into the setting sun.
SAY and TELL
Same meaning but different grammar.
Tell must be followed by a direct object, usually a person
- He told me that I should wait
Say does not have a direct object
- He said (to me) that I should wait
In normal speach, "that" is often not used
TALK ABOUT and DISCUSS
Same meaning but Discuss does not need a preposition after it
- We talked about the new strategic plan
- We discussed the new strategic plan
SPEAK and TALK
Same meaning and same grammar.
- Did she speak to you about your expenses?
- Did she talk to you about your expenses?
FORMATION
have + <past particple>
USE
Finished actions that are still important, NOT when the actions are finished.
- I've lost my passport and credit cards (and I am just calling the police)
- She's cut her finger (look at the blood, we must do something)
- BUT - I lost my keys yesterday.
To give news. Often followed by past simple to give details.
- I've had an accident. I drove into the back of another car at the roundabout.
To describe an event that happened without saying when. Often followed by past simple to give details.
- I've been to Mallorca. I visited my brother at Christmas.
- I've travelled to many countries. I went to Peru last year and Poland the year before that.
To describe an action that started in the past and that still continues.
- He's lived here since June.
- I've known John for 10 years
ALWAYS TRUE OR INSTRUCTIONS
If + <verb in present> + <verb in present>
- If I read in the car, I feel sick.
- If you put petrol on a fire, it burns more quickly.
- If the phone rings, answer it.
You can also use "When" or "Whenever" to start the sentence.
PREDICT LIKELY RESULTS IN THE FUTURE
If + <verb in present> + <verb in future (will)>
- If we don't hurry up, we'll miss the plane.
- If you keep listening to loud music, you'll go deaf.
SPECULATION ABOUT IMPROBABLE SITUATIONS
If + <verb in past simple> + would | could | might
- If you did more exercise, you'd be fitter.
- If people didn't drive so fast, there wouldn't be so many accidents.
- If I were you, I'd think about dieting.
- If you were on a diet, you might feel healthier.
SPECULATION ABOUT THE PAST
If + <verb in past perfect> + <would | might | could> have + past participle
- If I'd had your e-mail address, I might have sent you an e-mail
- If you'd been more careful, you might not have had the accident.
DAYS OF THE WEEK
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
MONTHS OF THE YEAR
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
0 - zero
1 - one |
11 - eleven |
22 - twenty-two |
3 - three |
13 - thirteen |
|
4 - four |
14 - fourteen |
30 - thirty |
5 - five |
15 - fifteen |
40 - forty |
6 - six |
16 - sixteen |
50 - fifty |
7 - seven |
17 - seventeen |
60 - sixty |
8 - eight |
18 - eighteen |
70 - seventy |
9 - nine |
19 - nineteen |
80 - eighty |
10 - ten |
20 - twenty |
90 - ninety |
100 - one hundred
200 - two hundred
1000 - one thousand
1000000 - one million
0021-TheFamily
PERSONAL PRONOUN - POSSESIVE ADJECTIVE
- I - My
- You - Your
- He - His
- She - Her
- It - Its
- We - Our
- You - Your
- They - Their
- Q: What's your name?
- A: My name is Richard
- Q: What is your age?
- A: My age is 25. / I am 25 [years old].
- Q: Where do you come from?
- A: I come from London, in the UK.
- Q: Where do you live?
- A: I live in Valencia, Spain.
- Q: What is your address.
- A: My address is C/Albacete 4, Valencia
- Q: What's your phone number?
- A: My phone number is 96 234 6789.
- Q: What's your mobile phone number?
- A: My mobile phone number is 660 456 5899.
- Q: What's your e-mail address?
- A: My e-mail address is ptr45@terra.es.
- Q: What is your passport number/ID number?
- A: My ID number is X976322Q.
- Q: Sorry, I don't understand. Can you repeat that, please?
- A: My ID number is X976322Q.
- Q: Great! Thanks a lot! Goodbye.
- A: You're welcome.
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